The future of Robusta Coffee - Part 1

THE FUTURE OF ROBUSTA COFFEE- PART 1

The coffee market recently recorded a significant shortage of Robusta coffee supply and in the future this will be a big problem again. Over the next two decades, the coffee industry will face a shortage of about 25 million bags of coffee, more than half of which will be Robusta coffee. For the export market, demand for high-end grades (G2 and above) is growing faster than supply. With predictions of a significant impact of climate change on coffee production – including Robusta – traders are anxious to ensure supply is maintained to meet future markets.

Coffee source

Although the world needs more Robusta than ever, fewer and fewer countries produce it. Concentrating supplies mainly in Vietnam and Brazil can reduce trading opportunities and create risks for the supply chain. Given that situation, Brazil is redirecting most of its Robusta for domestic consumption; and besides, concerns about the long-term future of Robusta production in Vietnam because a large number of farmers have left coffee farming to switch to vegetables, fruits and short-term crops for higher profits.

Besides Brazil and Vietnam, other countries have continued difficulty increasing their productivity, and the expansion of arable land in some areas may have to lead to deforestation. It is possible that some current Arabica coffee growing areas and old farmland could be converted to Robusta cultivation, but this is a long and expensive process, and requires large-scale organized investment. . In the past decade, Uganda is currently a typical Robusta producer with the government investing resources to increase Robusta productivity and export. Indonesia has started producing a lot of Robusta, but has had difficulty increasing farming productivity. Laos, Thailand, Mexico, Nicaragua and Colombia have invested in many new projects to establish and expand Robusta production but have not yet generated significant output. But companies and traders have begun to pay attention to these emerging Robusta farming areas. Always accompanying the development of Robusta coffee is increased farmers' profits. Because the profits that farmers receive are the key to the future of world coffee.

Future cropping system

To meet current demand growth, urging countries to switch to industrialized (mechanized) farming models as Brazil has done is an unsustainable step. Industrial production requires higher-yielding varieties, more dense planting, and mechanized harvesting and farming. However, most of the remaining countries have mainly family-based production and land cooperation under the cooperative model is a sensitive topic and not a priority choice for farmers. At the same time, climate change is adding pressure to the farming process. There, meeting sustainable farming requirements is not feasible with this industrial farming method. Therefore, other suitable approaches to Robusta cultivation are being paid attention to such as regenerative agriculture, agroforestry, intercropping and using less chemicals, reducing environmental impact,...

Robusta's demand for quality

An objective view is that the demand for Robusta is increasing, not only in quantity but also in quality. But, Robusta buyers often encounter difficulties with the uniformity of green coffee bean quality. But there are still many opportunities for improvement through applying higher quality standards, creating good quality varieties, improving farming and processing methods, etc. If the coffee market provides By providing better quality and more consistent Robusta products, new flavor profiles will emerge and the industry may grow with many new business opportunities in the future.The idea here is to expand the potential of Robusta. Consumers have many different needs – some want a strong-bodied Robusta with chocolate notes, not too sweet. Others require a weaker, lighter body. And roasters want something different to mix in a way that creates a highlight. But most importantly, increasing opportunities, improving flavor and opening up new horizons for Robusta coffee.

The next two decades are likely to see significant growth and transformation in both Robusta demand and supply. There are huge opportunities for niche segments to grow and mature, but ensuring supply is maintained to serve these markets is a major challenge that requires significant improvements in productivity, Expand Robusta production into new areas and continue to improve product quality. To be able to achieve those goals, the risks and difficulties in the process will be shared by farmers, suppliers, roasters, producing countries – or in a reasonable way. Imagine, it is the presence of all individuals contributing to the coffee value chain. Because only by collaborating and sharing difficulties and challenges, can the development process have significant changes.

(Source: collection)

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